Steel yoke plates are core connectors in power transmission lines, communication towers, and building steel structures. During use, they connect multiple insulator strings, hardware, and components to the same stress point, enabling uniform load distribution. Their application is inseparable from their structure. Below, we will examine their performance parameters:
Structural design: Common structures include rectangles, ellipses, and triangles. For specific installation spaces, irregular shapes can also be customized. From the appearance, we found many bolt holes and pin holes, and the edges have been rounded to reduce the risk of stress concentration;
Material selection: When selecting materials, we should consider the usage scenario. For scenarios with small loads and dry environments, Q235B carbon steel is preferred. In high-voltage transmission lines and large-span steel structures, Q345 low-alloy high-strength steel is used, which has higher yield strength. If it is in coastal, humid, or saline environments, hot-dip galvanized low-carbon steel is selected, which can provide corrosion and rust prevention;
Tensile strength: ≥450MPa;
Yield strength: ≥235MPa;
Hole position tolerance: ±0.5mm;
Applicable temperature: -40℃ ~ +120℃.
These are the standard performance parameters for steel yoke plates during production. If the actual working conditions have unique requirements for the yoke, you can communicate with the manufacturer to customize products that meet your requirements.
As a type of electrical fitting, steel yoke plates are mainly used in the power industry. To help users understand the product in more detail, a case study of a power grid renovation project is provided below, which should also be helpful in selecting different yoke plates.
In the State Grid's upgrade and renovation projects, steel yoke plates are used to connect single conductors to insulator strings. The circular hole design accommodates the thermal expansion and contraction of the conductors, avoiding stress concentration. This technology has been widely adopted, particularly in rural power grids. For 220kV substation projects, triangular yoke plates connect the insulators of grounding switches to the substation frame, conforming to EN 50341 standards. This ensures the stability of the grounding system for substation equipment and offers advantages in corrosion resistance and mechanical performance.
To select the appropriate steel yoke plate for a specific scenario, we need to consider factors such as load requirements, installation space, and environmental conditions. Below, we will discuss this in detail:
Define the parameters
Define the pressure that the yoke plate needs to bear, including static load and dynamic load. For small loads, choose Q235B material + stamped lightweight yoke plate. For medium loads of 110kV-220kV, choose Q345 low alloy material. For large load scenarios, it is necessary to customize thickened yoke plates, and the material should be high-strength alloy structural steel.
Measurement space
To avoid problems such as inability to install or force deviation, the length and edge treatment of the measurement node should be consistent with the diameter of the matching hardware bolts and pins. The hole diameter should be 0.5mm-1mm larger than the bolt diameter, and allowance should be made for installation error. The hole center distance and hole edge distance should match the insulator hanging ring. If the hole edge distance is too small, it will cause edge stress concentration. It is recommended that the hole edge distance be ≥2 times the hole diameter.
Assess the environment
Determine whether the actual working conditions are in dry, non-corrosive inland areas, humid, mildly corrosive environments, highly corrosive scenarios such as coastal salt spray, or even extremely cold frigid zones. Also consider different overseas scenarios and determine different standards based on different scenarios to ensure compliance with the standards of the target market.
Strict production process control and quality inspection of steel yoke plates ensure structural strength. As we all know, mechanical properties directly determine stability; therefore, we can eliminate potential problems through process and inspection:
Full-process quality inspection: mainly includes mechanical properties, from tensile strength, yield strength and elongation testing to ensure compliance with corresponding standards; non-destructive testing, such as ultrasonic testing of forgings or welded parts to check for internal cracks; magnetic particle testing of surfaces to detect surface defects; corrosion protection testing; and zinc layer thickness and adhesion testing to prevent zinc layer peeling;
Standard installation: Ensure that the rated load of the steel yoke plate is greater than or equal to the working load × safety factor. Overloading is strictly prohibited. Ensure that the stress points are evenly distributed. Excessive gaps will cause stress shift and local stress overload. For different complex working conditions, it is necessary to combine the actual working conditions and take precautions to prevent loosening.
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